History of chemical industry

The chemical industry is one of the fundamental sectors of Uzbekistan's economy. It was established in response to the growing need to accelerate agricultural production through the construction of enterprises producing mineral fertilizers.

The modern history of the Republic's chemical industry began in 1932 with the commissioning of the Shorsu sulfur-gold deposit.

In 1940, the largest chemical enterprise — the Chirchik Electrochemical Plant (now "Maxam-Chirchiq" JSC) — began operations.

In 1962, the Fergana Nitrogen Fertilizer Plant (now "Ferganaazot" JSC) was launched.

In 1964, the Navoi Chemical Plant (now "Navoiyazot" JSC) started production.

In 1969, the Almalyk Chemical Plant (now "Ammofos-Maxam" JSC) was established.

Currently, the JSC "Maxam-Chirchik," "Navoiyazot," and "Ferganaazot" produce nitrogen fertilizers such as ammonium nitrate, urea, and ammonium sulfate. The joint-stock companies "Ammofos-Maxam" and "Kokand Superphosphate Plant" manufacture phosphate fertilizers including ammophos, superphosphate, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate phosphate, and nitrocalcium phosphate. These enterprises are supplied with raw materials by the "Qizilqum Phosphorite Complex" LLC.

Based on the types of products manufactured, the companies can be categorized into the following production complexes:

• A complex for the production of mineral fertilizers, inorganic substances, and chemical reagents for the energy, gold mining, and chemical industries;

• A complex for the production of organic chemicals, synthetic fibers, and polymer materials;

• A complex for the production of plant protection chemicals;

• A complex for the production of calcined soda.

Enterprises under "Uzkimyosanoat" JSC produce more than 180 types of chemical products.

These chemical products are supplied to many sectors of the national economy, particularly agriculture, furniture manufacturing, mining, electrical engineering, oil and gas, construction, automotive manufacturing, the food industry, and more.